Hearing loss is a common condition that can affect people of all ages. It
may develop gradually over time or occur suddenly. Difficulty hearing can
affect communication, relationships, work, and overall quality of life,
but many causes of hearing loss can be evaluated and treated.
Early recognition and evaluation are important because untreated hearing
loss can also contribute to social isolation, fatigue, and cognitive strain.
Types of Hearing Loss
There are several types of hearing loss, depending on which part of the ear
is affected.
Conductive Hearing Loss
Conductive hearing loss occurs when sound cannot travel efficiently
through the outer ear or middle ear.
Common causes include:
● Ear wax blockage
● Fluid behind the eardrum
● Ear infections
● Eardrum perforation
● Problems with the middle ear bones
In many cases, conductive hearing loss is temporary and treatable.
Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Sensorineural hearing loss occurs when there is damage to the inner ear
or auditory nerve.
Common causes include:
● Age-related hearing loss (presbycusis)
● Noise exposure
● Genetic factors
● Certain medications
● Viral infections
This type of hearing loss is usually permanent, but hearing aids and other
treatments can significantly improve hearing and communication.
Mixed Hearing Loss
Mixed hearing loss occurs when both conductive and sensorineural
hearing loss are present.
For example, a person may have age-related hearing loss along with fluid
in the middle ear or ear wax buildup.
Symptoms of Hearing Loss
Signs of hearing loss may include:
● Difficulty understanding conversations
● Frequently asking others to repeat themselves
● Turning up the television or phone volume
● Trouble hearing in noisy environments
● Feeling that people are mumbling
● Ringing in the ears (tinnitus)
Hearing loss may occur in one ear or both ears.
How Hearing Loss Is Evaluated
Evaluation typically includes a detailed examination of the ears, nose, and
throat, along with a hearing test (audiogram).
The audiogram helps determine:
● The degree of hearing loss
● The type of hearing loss
● Whether one or both ears are affected
Additional testing may sometimes be recommended depending on the
findings.
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the cause and type of hearing loss.
Possible options include:
● Removal of ear wax
● Treatment of infections or fluid in the middle ear
● Medications in certain conditions
● Hearing aids
● Surgical procedures when appropriate
Many people benefit greatly from hearing aids or other hearing devices
when hearing loss cannot be medically reversed.
When to Seek Evaluation
You should consider evaluation if you experience:
● Difficulty hearing conversations
● Sudden hearing loss
● Hearing loss in one ear
● Ringing in the ears
● Ear fullness or pressure associated with hearing changes
Sudden hearing loss should be evaluated as soon as possible, as early
treatment may improve the chance of recovery.
Schedule a Consultation
If you are experiencing hearing difficulty, a consultation can help determine
the cause of hearing loss and discuss appropriate treatment options to
improve hearing and communication.